Rome, Open City

In occupied Rome in 1944, Luigi Ferraris is a communist and a key Resistance leader who hides under the alias Giorgio Manfredi as German SS troops close in on him. The landlady of his rooming house spots trouble and warns him just in time, allowing him to slip away. He heads to the home of Francesco, another Resistance fighter, where he encounters Pina, Francesco’s visibly pregnant fiancée who lives in the next apartment. Pina, initially suspicious that Luigi might be a cop, soon recognizes a fellow conspirator and offers her courage and shelter. The two bond quickly as Luigi explains that he needs to pass messages and funds to fighters outside the city, a task he can no longer perform openly because the Gestapo is watching him. He asks Don Pietro Aldo Fabrizi, a Catholic priest who quietly aids the Resistance, to carry these communications. The priest agrees, showing the quiet resolve that will define much of the film’s emotional core.

As the wedding between Pina and Francesco—soon to be officiated by Don Pietro—approaches the next day, the narrative threads tug in different directions. Francesco is not deeply religious, yet he would rather be married by a patriotic priest than by a fascist official; Pina, practical but hopeful, wrestles with the real-world consequences of her pregnancy in wartime Italy and wonders how God could permit such terrors to unfold around them. Their boy, Marcello [Vito Annichiarico], a reluctant altar boy, is drawn into the dangers of a city at war. Pina’s sister Laura, a lighter figure who works in a cabaret serving the Nazis and Fascists, lingers near the family circle, along with Marina [Maria Michi], Luigi’s girlfriend, who has ambitions and a lifestyle built on the rough edge of necessity. Ingrid, a troubling confidante of the local Nazi commander Major Bergmann, looms as a dark force that sours the atmosphere with drugs, manipulation, and coercion. Bergmann himself, a ruthless figure, presides over a cruel plan to wring every ounce of information from captives before dawn and to break the will of the Resistance.

The raid comes swiftly. Bergmann, aided by the Italian police chief, storms the building, pulling tenants out and arresting dozens while Luigi slips free but Francesco is hauled away in a truck. In a moment of desperate defiance, Pina bursts through the cordon calling Francesco’s name, only to be shot dead. In a final, prayerful gesture, Don Pietro holds Pina as she dies, the film’s first act closing on the priest’s quiet blessing amid the chaos.

Part II picks up with the convoys of Italian prisoners, including Francesco and Luigi, being attacked by Resistance fighters as they head toward a monastery where Don Pietro has planned to hide them. The two men reconnect, and they seek safety at an inn where Marina lives and works. Luigi confronts Marina about the life she leads—one saturated with drugs and danger—and the two clash, each driven by different kinds of desperation. Marina, seeking to preserve her own hold over the situation, betrays both Luigi and Francesco to the Nazis, sealing their fate. The group continues toward the monastery, but an ambush ensnares them; Francesco manages to slip away while the others are captured. Marina is rewarded by Ingrid with a fur coat and more drugs, a stark reminder of the corrupting allure of power in wartime.

At Nazi headquarters, Bergmann outlines a brutal plan to strip his captives of everything before dawn, a bid to strike the Resistance with maximum shock. He offers Luigi leniency in exchange for betrayal, but Luigi remains steadfast, refusing to yield. The tortures that follow—the Gestapo’s waves of whipping and a burning torch—do not break him. The Austrian deserter among their number, who earlier showed cowardice under interrogation, hangs himself in his cell. The priest watches as Bergmann and his men emphasize their supposed “master race” mentality, though Luigi’s unwavering resolve under torture proves them wrong.

Don Pietro is next in line for execution. The parish altar boys, now resistance fighters themselves, whistle a signal from the doorway as the firing squad lines up. The sightless Don Pietro, his glasses shattered by a rough prison intake, is buoyed by the boys’ tribute and the faint promise of mercy. A German officer loses nerve and shouts for the commander to finish the job; when the firing squad hesitates, the officer shoots Don Pietro in the head himself. The boys bow their heads in grief, and the cityscape of Rome with the dome of St. Peter’s Basilica rises in the distance, marking the film’s quiet, somber end.

Last Updated: October 09, 2025 at 10:47