Arangetram

Arangetram

Year: 1973

Runtime: 152 mins

Language: Tamil

Director: K. Balachander

FamilyDramaRomance

Lalitha, the eldest daughter of a Brahmin family, supports her eight siblings amid poverty. She takes a job that forces her into prostitution, using the earnings to provide for her brothers and sisters. When her relatives learn of her work they abandon her. Thangavelu, a man she once rejected, marries her, but she ultimately loses her sanity.

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Timeline & Setting – Arangetram (1973)

Explore the full timeline and setting of Arangetram (1973). Follow every major event in chronological order and see how the environment shapes the story, characters, and dramatic tension.

Time period

1970s

Set in the 1970s, the film portrays a society wrestling with traditional family values and rising economic pressures. It depicts limited social safety nets for vulnerable women, where ambition can collide with exploitation. The era's cultural norms shape the characters' choices, often punishing perceived breaches of propriety while rewarding perseverance.

Location

Madras, Hyderabad

The story unfolds across major urban centers of South India, with Madras (now Chennai) serving as the primary backdrop for Lalitha's work and medical ambitions. Hyderabad appears as another hub where she climbs the professional ladder, highlighting the opportunities and risks faced by women in bustling cities. The contrast between the family's modest home and these urban environments underscores the tension between traditional duties and modern aspirations.

🏙️ City life 🌆 Urban poverty

Last Updated: October 04, 2025 at 14:55

Main Characters – Arangetram (1973)

Meet the key characters of Arangetram (1973), with detailed profiles, motivations, and roles in the plot. Understand their emotional journeys and what they reveal about the film’s deeper themes.

Lalitha (Lakshmi)

The eldest daughter who fights poverty by taking up work, eventually facing exploitation. Her arc spans courage, compromise, and the haunting consequences of her trauma, culminating in a difficult reckoning and a costly rescue by others.

💃 Protagonist 💪 Resilience 🕊️ Sacrifice

Thyagu Shastrigal (Kamal Haasan)

Ramu Shastrigal's aspiring son who dreams of becoming a doctor. His ambitions are tempered by family pressures and the evolving fortunes of the household, shaping his relationships and choices.

🎯 Ambition 👨‍⚕️ Doctor's dream

Ramu Shastrigal (S. V. Subbaiah)

A rigid priest whose strict adherence to tradition creates conflict within the family and contributes to the hardships they face. His authority is challenged as the family navigates poverty and changing social norms.

🧭 Authority 🧱 Conservatism

Visalam (M. N. Rajam)

The mother who endures hardship with quiet strength, seeking to hold the family together while supporting her children's ambitions and sacrifices.

🌼 Maternal 🛡️ Endurance

Janaki (M. S. Sundari Bai)

The spendthrift sister whose arrival compounds poverty and tension within the household, underscoring the fragility of the family's finances.

💳 Materialism 🏃 Impulsivity

Devi (Jayasudha)

The younger sister whose romance and marriage plans intersect with the family's struggles and Lalitha's sacrifices.

💞 Love 👰 Family ties

Mangalam (Jayachitra)

A sister who achieves recognition as a singer, adding to the family’s changing fortunes and the social dynamics at play.

🎤 Artist 🌟 Fame

Thangavelu (Sivakumar)

The neighbor who loves Lalitha, later returns after being thought dead and eventually marries her, symbolizing a potential redemptive arc.

💔 Romance 💡 Persistence

Pasupathy (Sasikumar)

Son of a landlord who becomes Devi's fiancé, his interactions with Lalitha reflect the complexities of transactional relationships.

💑 Relationship 🗝️ Secrets

Nadesa Udayar (Senthamarai)

Father of Thangavelu whose stance of strict hierarchy and social honor shapes the course of the family’s decisions.

👨‍🏫 Patriarchy 👥 Family Honor

Bhama (Tehsildar’s daughter)

A love interest in the story who features in the engagement dynamics, illustrating the social entanglements surrounding Lalitha’s sacrifices.

💍 Engagement 🧭 Social ties

Last Updated: October 04, 2025 at 14:55

Major Themes – Arangetram (1973)

Explore the central themes of Arangetram (1973), from psychological, social, and emotional dimensions to philosophical messages. Understand what the film is really saying beneath the surface.

💔 Honor & Shame

Lalitha's actions and her family's fortunes are judged through a rigid code of honor. The film critiques how women's sexuality becomes a battleground for family reputation. When Lalitha is exploited, the surrounding society blames her and the patriarchal structure fails to protect her. The narrative exposes the double standards that govern gender and social standing.

⚖️ Power & Exploitation

Lalitha is subjected to predatory demands from employers who confound sex, power, and money. The abuse she endures reveals the vulnerability of women navigating economic necessity in a male-dominated society. The story condemns exploitation and the social systems that allow it. It also shows moments of solidarity and rescue by others who recognize her dignity.

🕊️ Resilience & Sacrifice

Despite trauma, Lalitha maintains a thread of resilience, seeking to support her family and preserve dignity. The siblings' progress contrasts with her decline, highlighting the cost of sacrifice. The resolution offers a glimmer of redemption through the acts of Udaiyaar and Thangavelu, though the scars remain. The film emphasizes the endurance of the human spirit under social pressure.

👪 Duty vs Ambition

The family structure pits personal dreams against collective responsibility. Lalitha's pursuit of livelihood and Thyagu's medical ambition create tensions that pull the household apart. The narrative questions whether traditional duties should restrain individual progress. Ultimately, the characters navigate these conflicts with a mix of sacrifice and pragmatism.

Last Updated: October 04, 2025 at 14:55

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