Year: 2020
Runtime: 127 mins
Language: Italian
Director: Gianni Amelio
The last years of Bettino Craxi, one of the most important and controversial italian leader of the 1980’s.
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In 1989, during the 45th Congress of the Italian Socialist Party at the Ansaldo plant in Milan, the party treasurer Vincenzo Sartori Renato Carpentieri tries to voice serious concerns about the conduct of Bettino Craxi Pierfrancesco Favino. Sartori argues that Craxi has betrayed the core ideals of socialism in favor of illicit activities, and that the party is being dragged into an ongoing investigation. Although Sartori is keen to resign and step away from politics, the President—clearly Craxi—dismisses the gravity of the accusations and deflects responsibility, effectively blocking Sartori from leaving the party. The tension between loyalty and conscience hangs in the air as Sartori senses he is being watched, even as he clings to his integrity.
Four years later, Tangentopoli—the sweeping corruption inquiry that would upend Italian politics—has erased much of the party’s credibility. Craxi’s grip on power loosens, and Sartori’s life takes a tragic turn as he commits suicide by leaping from his office balcony. The era of political immunity gives way to public scrutiny, and the personal price of power becomes vividly clear.
Seven years pass, and Craxi lives in self-imposed exile in Hammamet, Tunisia, where his health has deteriorated due to diabetes. He spends his days in a villa surrounded by family but under constant watch. One night, a man dressed in guerrilla gear slips past the guards and is revealed to be Fausto Sartori [Luca Filippi], Vincenzo’s troubled son. Fausto has come to deliver a letter that his late father supposedly left behind, one that indicts Craxi for a lifetime of illicit deeds. Craxi dismisses the accusations, yet the encounter unsettles him enough to bring Fausto into his orbit. As Craxi contemplates his past, he allows Fausto to stay close, inviting the young man to document his life as a way to project his own perspective into the memoir Craxi is recording.
Anita, Craxi’s daughter, is also introduced into this intimate surveillance of a fallen statesman. Craxi begins to narrate his memoirs aloud on camera, a process that Fausto helps to capture. The dynamic between Craxi and his son shifts into a dangerous triangle, with Fausto secretly arming himself, harboring the intention to shoot Craxi, while the President’s wife Silvia Cohen and others around him react to the fragile balance of power and affection in a life that has become a public spectacle.
Craxi’s personal life grows even more intricate with the arrival of a former lover, the amante Claudia Gerini. She reappears in Hammamet, seeking a final moment with Craxi. Anita, initially resistant, grows to understand that her father still holds deep feelings for the woman, and she grants a private meeting in a hotel, reflecting the complex, sometimes chivalrous code of public figures who want to preserve dignity even as their reputations crumble. In parallel, a longtime Italian politician friend—an adversary yet a respectful comrade—visits, underscoring a landscape where personal honor and political rivalry coexist in a way that once felt possible but now seems almost foreign.
As his illness progresses, Craxi is diagnosed with a kidney tumor. The hospital infrastructure in Hammamet is outdated, making medical treatment challenging, and a return to Italy for surgery would risk immediate arrest. Anita mobilizes a private operation, and for a moment the former Prime Minister appears to be turning a corner, frail but mobilized, still capable of guiding and influencing those around him. Yet the frailty of his body becomes the most unforgiving narrator of his life’s arc. Shortly after resuming some level of autonomy, Craxi suffers a cardiac arrest. In his final moments, he experiences two visions: a childhood memory from boarding school and a second, surreal encounter with his father that leads him from the Milan Cathedral’s rooftop to a theater where a crude satirical show mercilessly mocks Craxi’s own corpse. By morning, Anita discovers him dead in the garden, the end of a political era written into his flesh.
Months pass, and Anita is summoned to a Milan psychiatric hospital, not as a patient herself but as someone meant to meet a visitor—the investigation continues in a new, more intimate framework. The visitor is Fausto, who has descended into severe mental distress and comes to the hospital convinced that Craxi’s memory belongs to a different order of reality. Fausto reveals the shocking claim that his father Vincenzo did not kill himself; rather, Fausto killed his father in a moment of furious indignation at his father’s support for Craxi. He hands Anita a tape containing the President’s most guarded confessions, asking her to protect it with her life. The film closes on a stark, morally fraught note: Anita leaves the hospital with the tape in her possession, and when asked by the director if she recognized the man she just met, she answers that she has never seen him before, leaving the truth of the past suspended in memory and doubt.
This sweeping portrait blends political history, family dynamics, and the psychological toll of power. It traces the arc from idealistic ambition to public downfall, while probing the cost of loyalty, the fragility of trust, and the way personal relationships can both shield and destroy those who live in the glare of the public eye. The film is anchored by a tense, understated performance that emphasizes the humanity behind a constellation of larger-than-life figures, inviting viewers to reflect on how a nation’s story is inseparable from the private stories of its leaders, their allies, and their families.
Last updated: June 09, 2026 at 07:36
Explore frequently asked questions about Hammamet (2020) with spoiler-rich answers covering the full plot summary, major story beats, character motivations, hidden details, and ending meaning. This movie summary FAQ helps explain confusing scenes, plot twists, and narrative decisions in clear, searchable detail.
Vincenzo Sartori wanted to resign because he believed Bettino Craxi had betrayed the core ideals of socialism by engaging in illicit activities. He was deeply troubled by how the party was being dragged into an ongoing investigation (Tangentopoli) and could no longer reconcile his conscience with his political affiliation. Sartori intended to step away from politics entirely rather than be complicit in what he saw as moral corruption.
At the 1989 Congress, Sartori explicitly states that Craxi has betrayed socialism, setting the stage for his eventual departure.
Craxi dismissed Sartori's concerns and blocked his resignation to protect the party's image and avoid internal conflict during a politically sensitive time. By downplaying the accusations and deflecting responsibility, Craxi prevented a public fracture that could have accelerated the party's decline. Keeping Sartori bound to the party also ensured his silence about the party's financial misconduct.
This moment establishes Craxi's pattern of prioritizing political survival over loyalty to his allies.
Sartori's suicide was triggered by the collapse of the PSI following the Tangentopoli corruption scandal. Unable to reconcile his integrity with the party's compromised state, and likely feeling guilty for not acting on his conscience earlier, Sartori took his own life by leaping from his office balcony. The weight of his unresolved moral conflict, combined with the public humiliation of the scandal, proved unbearable.
Sartori's earlier attempt to resign foreshadows his inability to survive in a corrupted political environment.
Fausto came to Hammamet ostensibly to deliver a letter from his late father Vincenzo, which accused Craxi of a lifetime of illicit deeds. However, his true intention was to kill Craxi as revenge for what he believed was Craxi's responsibility for his father's death. He secretly carried a loaded gun and was dressed in guerrilla gear, indicating a prepared assassination attempt.
The letter serves as a pretext, but Fausto's preparation with a weapon reveals his pre-meditated plan.
Craxi discovered that Fausto had a ready-to-fire gun and, rather than alerting security, chose to bargain. He offered to share certain past secrets in exchange for Fausto sparing his life. This deal reflects Craxi's survival instinct, he understood that Fausto's desire for truth or revenge could be exploited, and he used that to buy time while attempting to control the narrative of his legacy.
Craxi's awareness of the weapon and his decision to negotiate shows his lifelong talent for political deals.
Craxi refused because returning to Italy for surgery would risk immediate arrest. The Italian authorities were still pursuing charges related to Tangentopoli, and setting foot in an Italian hospital would expose him to legal detention. Despite knowing his health was failing, he chose to remain in Tunisia where he could avoid prosecution, even if it meant receiving inferior medical care.
This decision reflects Craxi's lifelong prioritization of political freedom over personal wellbeing.
As Craxi suffered cardiac arrest, he experienced two visions: a childhood memory from boarding school representing his innocent past, and a surreal encounter where his father led him from the Milan Cathedral's rooftop to a theater mocking his corpse. These visions symbolize his journey from youthful ideals to the public humiliation of his legacy, contrasting his original aspirations with the contemptuous end he ultimately received.
The rooftop-to-theater imagery mirrors his political ascent and subsequent fall from grace.
The shocking truth revealed at the end is that Vincenzo Sartori did not commit suicide, his son Fausto killed him. In a moment of furious indignation over his father's continued support for Craxi, Fausto murdered Vincenzo and staged it as suicide. This revelation reframes the entire tragedy, showing how Fausto's obsession with Craxi destroyed his own family before he even arrived in Hammamet.
Fausto's violent intentions toward Craxi hint at a capacity for extreme action against his own father.
Anita agreed to protect the tape containing Craxi's most guarded confessions because Fausto, now mentally unstable, entrusted it to her with his life. Though she claimed never to have seen him before when asked by the director, she took custody of the tape, choosing to preserve her father's secrets rather than expose them. This decision reflects both her loyalty to family and the burden of carrying unresolved truth.
The tape represents the final leverage over Craxi's legacy, and Anita's choice to protect it echoes her father's lifelong habit of controlling narratives.
Craxi's former mistress (amante) came to Hammamet seeking a final meeting with him as his life was drawing to a close. She wanted closure and one last moment together before his death. Anita initially resisted but eventually permitted a private meeting in a hotel, recognizing that her father still held deep feelings for the woman. This reflects the complex personal relationships of public figures who strive to preserve dignity even as their public reputations collapse.
The encounter highlights Craxi's human side amidst his political downfall.
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Intimate portraits of powerful figures brought low by scandal and isolation.Explore movies like Hammamet that delve into the lives of fallen political leaders. These similar history and drama films focus on scandal, exile, and the heavy personal cost of power.
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