Death of a Salesman

Willy Loman returns home exhausted after a canceled business trip, his mind still clouded by fatigue and worry. His wife Linda Loman speaks with a calm, practical voice, suggesting that he talk to his boss, Howard Wagner, about moving his work base to their own city so he won’t have to endure constant travel. Willy’s mind immediately drifts to their son, Biff Loman, who is visiting, and he laments that Biff—despite a bright high-school promise as an athlete—never completed senior year math, never went to college, and therefore never hit the kind of success their family once envisioned.

What unfolds is more than a simple family quarrel, because Willy’s sense of reality begins to blur. He often slips into vivid flashbacks, glimpsing events and figures from the past as if they were happening in the present. In these moments, he speaks to the people in his memories as if they were truly present, and the people around him are startled by the sudden shifts in his perception. Among the figures who appear is his long-deceased older brother, Ben Loman, who remains a towering idol in Willy’s mind. The presence of Ben provides a framework for Willy’s fantasies about wealth, risk, and success, even as it complicates his grip on reality.

During this same visit, Harold ‘Happy’ Loman and Biff Loman reflect on their father’s deteriorating mental state, while they cast back to scenes from their childhood. They discuss the story of their father with a shared, uneasy humor, acknowledging the gaps in Willy’s real-life achievements even as they hold on to the memories that still link them to him. In the midst of this, Biff reveals to his brother that he intends to present a business proposition the next day in hopes of soothing their father’s anxieties and restoring a sense of direction.

The following day brings another round of disappointments. Willy goes to plead with his boss in town, hoping for a new assignment or an opportunity within reach, but the meeting ends without the chance Willy sought. Meanwhile, Biff makes a personal attempt to secure a future through a business pitch, yet the encounter proves fruitless. The sting of rejection peaks when Willy is told that he must take a rest and that he can no longer represent the company. The disappointment reverberates through the family as Biff waits for a former employer who does not remember him and ultimately declines to take him on. Despair pushes Biff to steal a fountain pen, a small act that underscores the fragility of the moment.

In a separate turn, Willy runs into his neighbor Charley at his office, where he encounters Charley’s son Bernard, now a successful lawyer. Bernard’s no-nonsense confidence highlights the divergent paths his generation has taken from Biff’s, and he explains that Biff had initially planned to salvage his own prospects through education and effort after failing math. Yet when Biff made a hastier trip to Boston to seek counsel from Willy—who was away on a sales trip—something happened there that altered Biff’s course and hardened his skepticism about his own ambitions.

That evening, the family gathers for a dinner at a restaurant. Willy resists hearing bad news from Biff, and Harold ‘Happy’ Loman tries to coax his brother into telling a fib to placate their father. The truth surfaces anyway, and Willy slides into a Boston flashback, recalling the day when Biff arrived unannounced and discovered Willy with a young woman named Miss Francis. The revelation shatters Biff’s faith in his father and, more broadly, in the idea that Willy’s dream for him could ever come true. This moment decisively alters Biff’s sense of loyalty, purpose, and possibility, driving him toward a sense of disconnection rather than a clear path forward. The family’s undertow of fear, disappointment, and longing becomes almost tangible.

When the dinner breaks apart and the group returns home, tensions flare. Biff steps outside to reconnect with Willy, and their conversation spirals into a painful confrontation. Biff speaks plainly about the reality of who he is: an ordinary person with limitations, not someone destined for heroic business triumphs. He tells his father that greatness is not simply handed to anyone, and Willy’s insistence on redefining his son’s worth becomes a battleground. In the heat of the exchange, Willy clings to the belief that his son is capable of the grand future he has promised himself, but the moment crystallizes a painful truth: Biff is not the kind of man Willy has envisioned, and the father’s expectations threaten to destroy their bond.

Amid the frayed emotions, Willy’s mind clings to a dangerous plan born from hope and denial. With encouragement from Ben, who appears in a recurring memory, Willy imagines that he can secure Biff’s future by sacrificing himself. He drives out with this fatal resolve, intending to cause a car crash that would leave life insurance money for Biff to use toward a business venture. The plan succeeds in its grim outcome, but the family’s response at Willy’s funeral reveals the gaps between father’s dreams and son’s reality. Biff remains reluctant to embrace a career as a businessman, while Happy decides to pursue a path that mirrors the very legacy his father hoped to create.

In the end, the story unfolds as a meditation on aspiration, illusion, and the fragile ties that bind a family. It probes the pressures of success, the way memory can distort or sustain a person’s sense of purpose, and the heavy cost of clinging to a dream when the world demands a different truth. The Loman family’s journey is rendered with careful nuance, showing how love and disappointment intermingle, how the past both shapes and destabilizes the present, and how the search for meaning can push people toward drastic actions—or toward acts of quiet, painful honesty that finally illuminate who they truly are. The film closes not with easy closure, but with a stark, unresolved question about what it means to be successful, to live up to one’s parents’ expectations, and to accept one’s own limits while still loving one another.

Last Updated: October 09, 2025 at 14:27