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The Rainbow (1989) movie poster

Plot Summary

The Rainbow (1989) Plot Summary Explained

Release, runtime and language
1989 · 113 mins · English
Directed by
Ken Russell
Starring
David Hemmings, Kenneth Colley, Amanda Donohoe, Sammi Davis, Glenda Jackson, Jim Carter

Set in the late Victorian era, Ursula Brangwen, the daughter of a wealthy landowner, grows into an imaginative and ambitious young woman. Stifled by her restrictive surroundings, an erotic encounter with Winifred, a bisexual teacher, awakens her desire for sexual and creative freedom. Her relentless pursuit brings both ecstasy and deep anguish.

On this page (5)
  1. 1 What happens: full plot
  2. 2 Plot questions answered
  3. 3 Movie threads
  4. 4 Movies like The Rainbow
  5. 5 Every angle

Full plot summary · contains spoilers

What Happens in The Rainbow: Full Plot Summary

The whole story of The Rainbow (1989) explained, from the opening scene to the final frame: every key event, every twist and what it all adds up to. Read it as a quick recap before the sequel, to check a scene you missed, or to finally understand what really happened.

Set in the late Victorian era, Ursula Brangwen, Sammi Davis, is the eldest child of Will Brangwen and his wife Anna Brangwen, a prosperous Derbyshire farmer family. Her world is defined by a steady country life and a childhood wonder for rainbows. Since the age of three, Ursula has chased those arcing colors, and after a particularly rainy spell she even collects a suitcase and heads out, hoping to find a pot of gold at the rainbow’s end. To calm her imagination, Will Brangwen, Christopher Gable, tries to dazzle her with a practical gesture—a jam sandwich layered with several spreads of different flavours that resemble a rainbow, a small act meant to tether fantasy to family routine. Anna Brangwen, Glenda Jackson, watches with a mix of love and concern as her daughter’s mind wanders beyond the hedges of the family land.

As Ursula grows into her teenage years, her curiosity expands in two directions that feel both intimate and forbidden. She falls into a same‑sex romance with Winifred Inger, her older swimming and gym teacher, while simultaneously developing strong feelings for Anton Skrebensky, a student from the nearby boys’ high school who plans to enlist after graduation. The pairings pull Ursula into hidden corners of affection and risk. She and Winifred steal weekends together at Winifred’s home and share long walks in the hills, a gentle rebellion against the strict mores of their time. Winifred even introduces Ursula to an artist friend who invites her to model nude; Ursula refuses the implied proposition, and the artist cuts the encounter short, but the sting lingers.

When Ursula visits Winifred alongside her own family, she meets Uncle Henry, a wealthy relative who is captivated by Winifred. Uncle Henry, David Hemmings, soon courts the woman, and after a brief engagement she agrees to marry him. This development awakens a ache of jealousy in Ursula, who finds herself torn between affection for her mentor and a longing for a different path she cannot yet name.

The wedding of Winifred to Uncle Henry coincides with a turning point for Ursula: the end of her romance with Winifred and the departure of Anton to fight in the Second Boer War in South Africa. Choosing to rebuild her life, Ursula leaves the countryside behind and becomes a schoolteacher. She moves to London, taking a position at a cramped, underfunded East End elementary school where discipline, hygiene, and poverty are daily challenges. The headmaster’s crude advances test her resolve, but she holds back at first, refusing to mirror the cruelty that surrounds her. Yet a belligerent boy wearing a sling-shot begins pestering her, and in a moment of loss of control, she disciplines him with a cane in full view of the class. The act quiets the classroom and halts the harassment, yet she is left guilt‑ridden by the violence of her outburst and ultimately resigns at the end of the school year.

A year and a half later, Ursula returns to her family farm with a newly restless sense of purpose. Anton has returned from war but has found another life; he is back for a time and proposes a rekindled romance, though Ursula’s heart is no longer tethered to a single course. After a brief, casual reunion with Winifred—who is now married to Uncle Henry and raising a child—Ursula makes a radical choice: she will chart her own path. She commits to helping others, joining a local miners’ union to advocate for better wages and security for underprivileged workers, and she begins to imagine a life defined by service rather than convention.

The relationship with Anton evolves into a complicated strand of independence and risk. When Ursula suspects she might be pregnant, Anton proposes marriage, but she declines, determined to pursue her own trajectory even if that means being alone. Her decision is tested further when she learns that she is not pregnant after all and that Anton has left for India with another woman.

The world reinforces her resolve to choose her own future. A heartfelt talk with her father solidifies the sense that life’s path is not fixed, but made through courage and action. In the spring of 1901 she sets out again—this time to teach in a new town, two hours away from home. The final image is a hopeful mirror of her childhood: Ursula packs a suitcase and, as a rainbow finally arcs across the rain-soaked sky, she runs toward it, chasing a possibility she has chosen for herself.

This portrait of Ursula Brangwen’s life unfolds with quiet dignity, tracing a girl’s awakening to adulthood against a backdrop of social change, familial love, and the stubborn pull of personal independence. It is a narrative about longing, consequence, and the enduring search for a path that aligns with one’s own sense of purpose, even as the world around her shifts beneath her feet.

Last updated: October 09, 2025 at 14:32

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Plot questions answered

The Rainbow Plot Explained: Your Questions Answered

The questions people ask most about The Rainbow (1989): what happens in the confusing scenes, why the characters do what they do, the twists, hidden details and what the ending means. Each answer contains spoilers.

Q1

Why does Ursula chase rainbows throughout her life?

Ursula becomes obsessed with rainbows from the age of three after a rainstorm, representing her lifelong search for meaning, color, and something beyond her restrictive rural world. Her father tries to ground this imagination with a jam sandwich that resembles a rainbow, but the pursuit becomes a symbol of her yearning for freedom and possibility. The final rainbow at the end of the film completes this symbolic journey, showing she has finally found a path she chooses rather than simply chasing an impossible dream.

Foreshadowing: The childhood scene with the jam sandwich establishes the rainbow as a symbol of bridging fantasy with reality.

  • ursula brangwen
  • rainbow symbolism
  • childhood dream
  • freedom
  • search for meaning
Q2

Why does Winifred Inger marry Uncle Henry instead of staying with Ursula?

Winifred accepts Uncle Henry's marriage proposal despite her relationship with Ursula, driven by practical considerations and social security in Victorian society. As an older woman in a time when women had limited independence, marrying a wealthy man like Uncle Henry offered stability and protection that an illicit same-sex relationship could never provide. This choice deeply hurts Ursula, who feels abandoned, and marks the end of her romantic connection with Winifred.

Foreshadowing: Winifred's introduction of Ursula to an artist who propositions her nude hints at Winifred's willingness to navigate dangerous social waters for her own benefit.

  • winifred inger
  • uncle henry
  • marriage
  • victorian society
  • practicality
Q3

Why does Ursula attack the boy with a cane at the London school?

Ursula loses control after a belligerent boy continuously harasses her, pelting her with stones despite her patient approach to teaching. The headmaster pressures her to use physical discipline, and in a moment of frustration and loss of control, she strikes the boy with a cane in front of the entire class. While this restores order and stops the harassment, it leaves her guilt-ridden and ultimately leads to her resignation, as she cannot tolerate becoming the kind of cruel authority figure she despised.

Foreshadowing: Ursula's earlier resistance to the headmaster's sexual advances establishes her struggle against the school's toxic environment.

  • london school
  • cane
  • discipline
  • guilt
  • resignation
Q4

Why does Ursula reject Anton's marriage proposal?

When Ursula suspects she might be pregnant, Anton offers marriage as a solution, but she refuses because she wants to define her own path rather than be tied to someone through obligation or circumstance. She chooses independence and personal growth over a conventional marriage that would constrain her emerging sense of self. Even after learning she is not pregnant, she maintains her decision to pursue her own trajectory, demonstrating her commitment to self-determination over societal expectations.

  • anton skrebensky
  • marriage proposal
  • independence
  • pregnancy
  • self-determination
Q5

What happens to Ursula after she is attacked in the forest?

Two mine workers attempt to rape Ursula as she walks home, but she manages to escape and hides in a rain-soaked forest until she can compose herself. She returns to the farm traumatized, only to find a telegram from Anton announcing he has married another woman and moved to India. This double blow, the violence against her and the final loss of her connection to Anton, strengthens her resolve to forge her own future rather than rely on others for happiness or security.

Foreshadowing: Her work with the miners' union has already exposed her to the difficult lives of working-class men, making this attack even more complex.

  • attack
  • forest
  • telegram
  • india
  • escape
Q6

Why does Anton leave for India?

After the Boer War ends and Anton returns from South Africa, he and Ursula briefly reunite, but their relationship has fundamentally changed. When Ursula rejects his marriage proposal and it becomes clear she will not compromise her independence for him, Anton leaves with another woman and takes a military post in India. His departure represents the final severing of Ursula's romantic ties to her past, pushing her toward complete self-reliance.

  • anton skrebensky
  • india
  • military
  • departure
  • rejection
Q7

What does the final rainbow symbolize for Ursula?

The rainbow that appears as Ursula runs toward it in the final scene completes her symbolic journey from childhood dreamer to independent woman. Whereas she once chased rainbows seeking something unattainable, she now runs toward one she has chosen to pursue on her own terms. The rainbow represents the possibility she has created for herself, not a fantasy imposed by others, but a path she actively selects, echoing her childhood wonder while embodying her adult autonomy.

Foreshadowing: The entire film has built toward this moment, with each rainbow appearance marking a transition in Ursula's understanding of freedom.

  • rainbow
  • final scene
  • symbolism
  • freedom
  • independence
Q8

Why does Ursula choose to work with the miners' union?

After returning from London, Ursula seeks meaningful work that serves others rather than conforming to society's expectations. Working with the local miners' union allows her to advocate for better wages and conditions for underprivileged workers, connecting her personal search for purpose with broader social justice. This work represents her shift from pursuing individual desires to committing to collective welfare, finding meaning in helping others rather than in romantic relationships or conventional success.

  • miners union
  • social justice
  • advocacy
  • purpose
  • community
Q9

Why does Ursula leave her teaching job in London?

Ursula resigns from her East End elementary school position after the traumatic cane incident leaves her guilt-ridden and disillusioned. The London school presented harsh conditions: crowded classrooms, poverty, hygiene issues, the headmaster's inappropriate advances, and ultimately her own violent outburst. She cannot reconcile her ideals of compassionate teaching with the reality of disciplinary violence required to survive in that environment, so she returns to Derbyshire to reassess her path.

Foreshadowing: Her earlier resistance to the headmaster foreshadows the moral conflict that eventually drives her away.

  • london
  • teaching
  • resignation
  • guilt
  • elementary school
Q10

What prompts Ursula to leave the countryside for London?

Two key events drive Ursula to leave Derbyshire: Winifred's marriage to Uncle Henry ends their romantic relationship, and Anton departs for the Boer War, leaving her feeling abandoned. Seeking to rebuild her life away from painful memories, Ursula decides to become a schoolteacher in London. The move represents her attempt to create a new identity independent of her past relationships, though the city ultimately presents its own challenges that test her resolve.

  • london
  • move
  • winifred
  • anton
  • new life
Q11

Why does Ursula refuse to model nude for the artist?

When Winifred introduces Ursula to an artist friend who invites her to model nude, Ursula declines the proposition, asserting her own boundaries and dignity. The artist throws her out when she demands payment for her time, treating her as disposable. This encounter forces Ursula to confront the way older figures in her life expose her to uncomfortable situations, marking an important moment in her developing sense of self-respect and personal boundaries.

  • artist
  • nude modeling
  • refusal
  • boundaries
  • dignity
Q12

Why does Ursula decide to become a teacher?

After losing both Winifred and Anton, Ursula seeks a legitimate path to independence that society recognizes and respects. Teaching offers Victorian women a respectable career that provides both financial self-sufficiency and intellectual engagement. Her move to London and subsequent teaching position represent her first concrete step toward building an identity separate from romantic relationships, though the reality of teaching in poverty-stricken conditions proves far more challenging than she anticipated.

  • teaching
  • career
  • independence
  • victorian women
  • occupation
Q13

How does Ursula's relationship with Winifred end?

Ursula's romance with Winifred ends when Winifred chooses to marry Uncle Henry, a wealthy relative who pursues her during a family visit. Despite the emotional connection between them, Winifred decides security and social standing matter more than their same-sex relationship, which society would never accept. Ursula feels betrayed and abandoned, and this loss propels her toward building an independent life. The two later have a brief, casual reunion when Winifred is married with a child, but the romantic bond has dissolved.

Foreshadowing: Winifred's earlier introduction of Ursula to potentially exploitative situations hints at her own moral compromises.

  • winifred inger
  • relationship end
  • same-sex
  • marriage
  • abandonment

Movie threads

More Movies Like The Rainbow, by Mood & Story

Curated lists built around what makes The Rainbow tick: the same mood, the same kind of story or the same emotional payoff. Each list explains why these movies belong together.

Movies about societal rebellion and self-discovery like The Rainbow

Stories of individuals breaking free from rigid conventions to find themselves. If you liked The Rainbow's story of a young woman defying Victorian society, explore more movies like it. These films feature characters on a yearning journey for personal and creative freedom against restrictive social norms, leading to bittersweet but hopeful independence.

  • yearning
  • restless
  • hopeful
  • introspective
  • dignified
  • coming of age
  • Tone: hopeful, bittersweet
  • Pacing: steady, character-driven
Why these movies?

The story pattern: Narratives in this thread typically follow a linear, character-driven arc where the protagonist gradually awakens to the constraints of their world—be it family, class, or tradition. The central conflict is between internal desire and external expectation, culminating in a pivotal choice that grants freedom but often severs past ties, resulting in a complex, bittersweet victory.

Why they belong together: These movies are grouped by their shared focus on the emotional and psychological journey of societal rebellion. They balance serious themes of constraint with a tone of resilient hope, featuring steady pacing that allows for deep character exploration and a medium emotional weight that feels compelling without being overwhelming.

Complex coming-of-age stories with sexual awakening like The Rainbow

Coming-of-age stories where self-discovery brings both ecstatic joy and poignant pain. Find movies similar to The Rainbow that explore complex coming-of-age and sexual awakening. These stories follow young protagonists on a sensual and emotional journey of self-discovery, marked by both ecstasy and disillusionment, leading to a mature but bittersweet understanding of themselves.

  • sensual
  • coming of age
  • yearning
  • introspective
  • hopeful
  • romantic disillusionment
  • Tone: sensual, yearning, bittersweet
  • Pacing: steady, reflective
Why these movies?

The story pattern: The narrative pattern involves a young protagonist navigating a series of formative, often intense relationships that challenge their worldview. These experiences—ranging from romantic infatuation to disillusionment—act as catalysts for growth. The journey is rarely smooth, combining moments of profound joy with significant heartache, ultimately concluding with a more nuanced, independent sense of self.

Why they belong together: These films share a specific emotional mix: high romance and sensuality blended with a undercurrent of sadness and disillusionment. They capture the specific vibe of youthful yearning and the complex payoff of gaining independence, which often feels bittersweet. The pacing is steady, focusing deeply on the protagonist's internal evolution.

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Every angle

The Rainbow (1989) Explained: Plot, Timeline & Characters

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