The Diary of Anne Frank (1959) Timeline Explained – Every Event in Order

The Frank family went into hiding because Nazi forces began systematically rounding up Jews in occupied Holland and transporting them to concentration camps. After Margot received a summons to report for deportation, Otto Frank arranged for his family to hide in a concealed attic above his spice factory, where they were later joined by the Van Daan family.

Foreshadowing: The diary opens with Anne describing the oppressive restrictions imposed on Jews that progressively stripped away their freedoms.

• nazi persecution
• jewish deportation
• amsterdam
• hidden attic
• concentration camps

The exact method of discovery is not shown in detail, but by July 1944, the police had connected the stolen typewriter from the Hanukkah incident to the hiding place. Kraler had been hospitalized with ulcers, and there were growing concerns that an employee had become suspicious. The German police eventually broke down the door and took all eight people in the annex away.

Foreshadowing: Earlier, Dussell warned that it was only a matter of time before they were caught, and Kraler raised concerns about an employee's odd behavior.

• police raid
• discovery
• arrest
• annex
• 1944

Otto Frank survived Auschwitz and returned to Amsterdam in 1945 after the war ended. Upon his return, he learned that his wife Edith, daughter Margot, the Van Daans, and Albert Dussell had all perished. He held onto hope that Anne might have survived, but a woman from Bergen-Belsen confirmed Anne's death.

• return
• amsterdam
• auschwitz
• survival
• death

By July 1944, with the police having discovered the stolen typewriter and danger growing more imminent, Anne realized that if they were caught, her diary would be the only thing that could preserve her memory and voice beyond death. She began viewing it not just as a personal journal but as a testament to her existence and experiences.

Foreshadowing: The diary was introduced early as a gift from Otto containing photos of movie stars and a blank notebook.

• diary
• legacy
• writing
• preservation
• memory

All the hidden families were arrested in August 1944 and sent to concentration camps. Edith Frank died in Auschwitz. Margot Frank died in Bergen-Belsen. Mr. Van Daan perished, and while Mrs. Van Daan's exact fate is not detailed, she did not survive. Albert Dussell was also among those who did not survive the Holocaust.

• death
• concentration camp
• van daan
• edith
• margot

Anne and Peter's relationship grew gradually through their shared confinement. Initially, Anne teased Peter, who was anxious and had only his cat Mouschi for company. Over months, as both felt trapped and hopeless, they found solace in each other. Anne shared her dream of becoming a writer, while Peter felt useless in contributing to the war effort. Their connection culminated in a passionate kiss just before the police arrived.

Foreshadowing: Early scenes show Anne playfully teasing Peter while he cared for his cat.

• peter van daan
• romance
• relationship
• growing up

Kraler brought a radio into the attic, which became the families' lifeline to the outside world. Through radio broadcasts, they learned about major wartime events including the Allied landing in Africa and the invasion of France. These moments provided brief hope amid their fearful confinement, though news of bombings in Amsterdam also intensified their anxiety.

• radio
• allied invasion
• news
• hope
• world war 2

The Van Daans' conflicts with the Franks stemmed from the extreme stress of living in close quarters with constant fear of discovery. Arguments erupted over food shortages, with Mrs. Van Daan defending her cherished fur coat when Van Daan wanted to sell it, and disputes over bread. The tension between Anne and her mother Edith also reflected the broader friction among all the adults trapped together.

• conflict
• van daan
• arguments
• food shortage
• tension

Anne wrote in her diary, "In spite of everything, I still believe that people are really good at heart," reflecting her unwavering optimism despite the horrors she witnessed. This quote, which Otto reads after her death, symbolizes her enduring faith in humanity even amid the Holocaust. It serves as a testament to her character and the small acts of kindness from helpers like Miep, Kraler, and Kugler who risked their lives to save them.

Foreshadowing: Peter expressed desperation about the war, and Anne reassured him of the goodness exhibited by those who helped them.

• hope
• optimism
• humanity
• quote
• belief

Albert Dussell was a Jewish dentist whom Kraler asked the families to shelter. He joined the hiding place later, bringing devastating news from the outside world about friends being taken away to concentration camps. His presence added to the tension of the cramped quarters, and he too was ultimately captured and did not survive the war.

• dentist
• dussell
• hidden
• additional person

During Hanukkah 1942, an intruder entered the premises while Peter was trying to catch his cat Mouschi. The frightened intruder snatched a typewriter and escaped. The commotion alerted a watchman, who called police, but Mouschi knocked over a plate, leading the officers to believe the noise was just from a cat. The stolen typewriter later connected police to the hiding place.

• hanukkah
• intruder
• typewriter
• police
• cat mouschi

Miep Gies and Mr. Kraler were office workers at Otto Frank's company who helped hide the families. They risked their lives daily by bringing food, maintaining the secret, and providing comfort. Miep specifically saved Anne's diary by retrieving it after the arrest, preserving it for Otto to find after the war. Their bravery exemplified the altruism Anne believed in.

• miep gies
• kraler
• helpers
• rescue
• amsterdam