Heart of a Dog

In Moscow in 1924, a desperate winter day of scavenging turns a stray dog into the focus of a sensational and unsettling experiment. A cook finds the malnourished animal and, after a bitter moment of pain, the dog is saved from a harsher fate when a skilled surgeon steps in. The dog is fed a piece of sausage, and, in a surprising turn, he is welcomed into a new life. He is given a name that feels ironic for someone who appears so far from human ambition: Sharik. The dog quickly discovers that the comfort of a pampered existence comes with the subtle burden of changing loyalties and expectations.

At the heart of the story is Dr. Filipp Filippovich Preobrazhensky, a surgeon of formidable talent and strong opinions. He lives with a small, closely observed household that includes his assistant and protégé, Bormenthal, and two female servants, Zinaida Prokofievna Bunina and Darya Petrovna Ivanova. Although the professor voices blunt anti-communist sentiments, his skills earn him protection: his medical treatment of Bolshevik leaders keeps him in a position of influence, and he resists any attempt to shrink his seven-room flat or to alter the arrangements of the household. Sharik, enjoying his new status, slips easily into the role of “a gentleman’s dog,” and the domestic routine settles around the dog’s needs and the professor’s experiments.

As Sharik adjusts to life in the flat and takes leisurely strolls through Moscow, he becomes aware of the complex social tapestry surrounding him. He learns to tolerate taunts from street dogs but remains indifferent to the other dogs who challenge his pride. After several days, the professor reveals the deeper purpose behind bringing Sharik into the home. A laboratory awaits, and the dog is locked away in the bathroom as the preparations begin. The moment of truth arrives when Sharik, furious at his confinement, is dragged into the lab. There, he is sedated, and an operation unfolds that will blur the line between animal and human.

In a carefully staged medical procedure, the professor trephines Sharik’s skull and implants a human pituitary gland. He also opens the torso and introduces human testicles. The donor organs come from Klim Grigorievich Chugunkin, a man with a troubled history who had been killed in a brawl. Adrenaline injections keep the dog alive during the delicate transplant work, and the narrative shifts from Sharik’s point of view to Bormenthal’s meticulous notes, and finally to a broader third-person perspective that follows the consequences of the operation.

Weeks pass, and the household watches a startling transformation. Sharik begins to change into a crude, unkempt human—an initial, almost primitive, version of humanity. The new creature easily defeats the social barrier that once separated dog from human, and the transformed Sharik adopts a bold sense of identity. He is given a new, absurd name: Poligraf Poligrafovich Sharikov. Sharik, who had once learned to be a “gentleman’s dog,” now embraces a reckless, unrefined sense of self, championing a philosophy of acting “naturally” rather than adhering to old manners.

With the appearance of Sharikov, the professor and Bormenthal struggle to teach him basic etiquette. Instead, he ridicules manners as a relic of a bygone era and rejects shaving, cleanliness, and restraint. He speaks with a crude bluntness in front of women, and his appetite is unruly and indulgent. The household’s peace begins to unravel as Sharikov’s presence unsettles the carefully arranged order.

Sharikov’s behavior quickly escalates into a nightmare for his hosts. One day, he accidentally unleashes chaos by turning on a bathroom faucet while pursuing a cat, flooding the apartment. He later tries to force himself on one of the female servants, prompting Bormenthal to beat him into submission and to insist on apologies. Enraged by the beating and humiliation, Sharikov leaves and remains away for several days, sowing further trouble in his absence.

Bormenthal grows increasingly wary of Sharikov’s path and pleads with the professor to allow dosing him with arsenic to end the experiment. The professor recoils at the suggestion, insisting that to “slander the dog” would be to insult a flawed but still valuable life. He insists that the human parts—the transplanted material—are responsible for Sharikov’s defects, yet he refuses to undo the operation or to grant permission for a murder. The moral calculus of eugenics and human improvement becomes a speech of conscience rather than a straightforward scientific choice, and the professor’s stance hardens around a principle: he wants to see whether a misfit can still be reclaimed through education rather than discarded as a failure.

Sharikov soon returns with a job arranged by the Soviet government and claims a new sense of purpose, though his interpretation of that purpose is chaotic and often cruel. He spends his working days chasing and strangling stray cats, allegedly to turn them into fur coats for the working class—a detail that underscores the cold cynicism of the social apparatus around him. He also brings home a coworker, presenting her as his common-law wife, a situation that unsettles the professor’s sense of household stability. The woman is told a false narrative—Sharikov is a veteran of the White Army in Siberia—an explanation intended to spare him from the truth and protect his image. Learning the truth, she leaves in tears, and Sharikov, furious, vows to have her fired.

A trusted ally of the professor, Bormenthal, in a final, desperate move, asks for permission to dose and extinguish Sharikov with poison. The professor refuses to allow such an act, insisting that the operation’s flaws must be faced rather than erased. As the political machinery hums on the surface, a senior party official—Pyotr Alexandrovich—visits and delivers news that Sharikov has denounced the professor to the Cheka. The official departs, and Sharikov returns to confront the professor and Bormenthal. The two scientists order him to leave the flat for good, but Sharikov resists and draws a revolver.

That night, the apartment settles into an uneasy silence, and the days that follow reveal a strange pattern of relaxation for the professor and Bormenthal. When the police, led by Schwonder, arrive with a warrant to produce Sharikov, the professor calmly orders Bormenthal to fetch Sharikov. The transformed creature is seen changing back into a dog, and the professor explains the change as a natural phenomenon—an explanation that masks the fact that the operation has been reversed. The police depart with the beaming Schwonder in tow, leaving behind a scene of eerie calm.

In the aftermath, Sharik, now fully canine again, resumes life as a gentleman’s dog. Yet the ending hints at a darker possibility: the professor’s experiments are not finished. The final lines suggest that the professor has continued to explore the boundaries between animal and human, even contemplating bringing home a human brain and removing the pituitary gland—an ominous note that lingers, signaling the uncertain future of science and humanity alike.

Last Updated: October 01, 2025 at 10:22